Hydraulic braking apparatus



Aug. Z 1928.

M. CHARLES HYDRAULIC BRAKING APPARATUS Filed July 1926 Patented Aug. 7, i928.

STATES MAURICE CHARLES, OF COURBEVOIE, FRANCE.

HYDRAULIC BRAKING APPARATUS.

Application filed July 6, 1926, Serial No. 120,728, and in France July 16, 1925.

The present invention relates to improvements in hydraulic braking apparatus, chiefly applicable to motor vehicles, and the apparatus comprises a power device and an actuated device connected together by suitable piping, the fluid tight operation being assured'by the disposition, between the head of the piston and the corresponding end of the cylinder, of an expanding packing memher of bellows shape which provides for the movement of the piston.

The present invention relates to improvements in the control of the brakes.

The first improvement consists in the fact that the brakes are thrown by the expansion ofa suitably compressed spring, due to the pressure in the said actuated device and 1n the piping, the expansion being produced by the diminution of this pressure due to a displacement of the piston of the power device by means of suitable rod and link gear.

Under these conditions, the pressure of the fluid in the actuated device (or receiver) which regulates the degree of the braking,

acts in reality as a counter-pressure for compressing the braking spring so that the braking is much less abrupt and is also much more accurate.

Another improvement consists in the arrangement of the said power device (or generator) so as to provide for the adjustment of the pressure which normally holds back the brakes. The said generator further comprises means for compensating the differ- 3 ences of pressure occuring in the inoperative position of the apparatus.

The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawingswhich by way of example, discloses the manner in 40 which the invention is carried into effect.

The single figure represents a diagrammatic assembly of the brake system with parts shown in section.

. Within the brake drum is disposed the receiver i in which is movable the piston k a tight joint being formed between the iston and the corresponding end of the cy der by the bellows m. Upon the end of the l rod of piston k is mounted the head Z which makes contact with the movable strip or jaw of the brake, against the action of a spring n which. bears against the fixed stop 0. The end of the receiver 2' is connected by the conduit c with the generator 03 The said generator comprises the piston with the end 79 of a lever p pivoted at the stationary point g; a certain point 1' of the said lever is connected by the link 8 with an axle 25 secured to one end of a cable 24 the other end of which is attached to the brake pedal a, after passing over the pulleys av. The spring 1) tends to maintain the pedal 1n the raised position, and in this manner the entire braking system is maintained in the position represented in the figure. The apparatus comprises a double brakmg system, in which I employ the generator (1 and the receiver 2', for the rear Wheel braking or for like uses, and a second generator d coacting with a receiver, not shown, which serves for the braking of the front wheels. Both generators (Z d are actuated by the common pedal a, by means of the single cable at. Attached to the two links 8 which are so connected as to constitute a toggle for simultaneously actuating both levers p.

The operation of the braking system is as follows:

When the brake pedal a is lowered, the pivoting axle t is raised, whereby the lever p rotates onthe axles g and displaces the piston of the generator towards the inner end c0 of the cylinder, i. e. the piston 0 is moved a 35 to the left. Y

The pressureof thefluid at the outer en 41) of the generator, as wellas in the conduit 6 and in the receiver, will be reduced, so that the spring n now preponderates, and the piston k moves to the right and the brakes are applied by the spring n. Upon releasing the brake pedal, the spring '1;

brings the several parts into the initial position as shown in the figure, and the brakes are now disengaged.

To provide for the movement of the piston 0 in the generator (1 the latter comprises a movable end portion consisting'of a disc m provided with a sylphon or bellows m whose internal part has an atmospheric connection through the aperture m Further, the adj ustmentof the pressure'of the fluid in the generator as well as in the connecting conduit '6 and in the receiver 5 is assured by a movable end-piece p whose position is regulated by the screw p this being particularly important in the case of a lack of adjustment or wear of the brake.

While the piston is provided with pack- 11o ing 3/, liquid or fluid may flow from the end -0 the end of whose rod 6 makes contact w of the generator to the end 'w during the periods in which the brake is inoperative so which communicates through the conduits c with the end w when the said moves sufliciently to the left.

In these conditions, a small amount of fluid tends to return from the end 10 into the end to, passing in the'inverse direction through the conduits 0*, and then by way of the valve 0 and this amount will depend upon the diflerences in the volumeof the fluid.

Obviously, modifications may be made in the devices which have been above disclosed, without departing from the principle of the invention.

What I claim is:

1. A hydraulic-braking system comprising in combination, a fluid responsive brake, means remote from said brake for supplying a fluid under pressure thereto to release said brake and a manually controlled toggle for releasing said pressure at will to permit the application of said brake.

2. A hydraulic braking system comprising, in combination, a fluid responsive brake, means remote from said brake for supplying a fluid under pressure thereto to release-said piston c brake, a manually controlled toggle for re-- leasing said pressure at will to permit the applicationof the brake, andmeans for automatically returning said toggle to its initial position to restore said pressure when said toggle is released.-

3. A hydraulic braking system comprising, in combination, a brake, meanscarried by said brake for moving it to an operative position, pressure responsive means opposing said first mentioned means, means including an incompressible fluid for supplying pressure to said second mentioned means, and

manually controlled means for releasing said pressure to permit the application of the brakes.

4. A hydraulic braking system comprising, in combination, a brake, a spring carried by said brake for moving it to an operative position, pressure responsive means including an incompressible fluid for supplying pressure to said means, and manually controlled means for releasing said pressure to permit'the application of the brakes.

5. A hydraulic braking system comprising, in combination, a brake drum, a brake disposed within said brake drum, a spring carried by said brake for moving it into engagement with the inner periphery of said drum, a piston pump receiver opposing the action or said spring, a piston pump generator, a conduit interconnecting said generator and said receiver, an incompressible fluid in said conduit, fluid tight bellows disposed in said generator and receiver, a tog gle associated with the piston in said generator, a brake pedal for operating said toggle, and a spring adapted to opposethe movement of said toggle.

6. A hydraulic braking system comprising, in combination, a'brak means carried by said brake 'for moving it to an operative position, pressure responsive means opposing said first mentioned means, means in carried by the piston of said generator for compensating for differences in pressure developed in said generator during aspiration of said fluid therein.

8. In a hydraulic braking system, a piston pump receiver, a piston pump generator, a conduit connecting said generator and receiver, an incompressible fluid in said generator. and receiver, fluid-tight bellows disposed in said generator and receiver, a chamber providedin said generator remote from said conduit, an outlet in said chamber opening into the atmosphere, and a hollow fluidtight sylphon covering said outlet and extending into said chamber.

9. In a hydraulic braking system, a piston pump receiver, a piston pump generator, a conduit connecting said generator and re eeiver, an incompressible fluid in said generator and receiver, fluid-tight bellows disposed in said generator and receiver, a chamber provided in said generator adjacent said conduit, a hollow fluid-tight sylphon projecting into said chamber, an adjusting screw carried-by said chamber and projecting into the interior of said sylphon to serve as an adjustable stop therefor, and braking 'means responsive to a reduction in pressure associated with said receiver.

In testimony that I claim the as my invention, hereto,

p, foregoing I have slgned my name MAURICE CHARLES. 

